Moneda UNICA Mundial

[el porqué de las cosas]

http://www.abc.es/economia/abci-ocu...rtiera-misma-moneda-201608210214_noticia.html

¿Qué ocurriría si todo el planeta compartiera la misma moneda?

Una mala gestión en el suministro de dinero podría llevar a una hiperinflación como ocurrió con la implantación del euro

S.E. - @abceconomia Madrid21/08/2016 02:14h - Actualizado: 21/08/2016 02:14h. Guardado en: Economía - Temas: Moneda

¿Qué ocurriría si todo el planeta compartiera el mismo tipo de moneda? Es una pregunta que se plantea el despacho de abogados de Foster Swiss, especializado en la creación de empresas de servicios de inversión.

Supongamos que vivimos en un planeta que comparte una misma moneda. Los habitantes de todos los países realizan sus transacciones en esta misma divisa. Un único banco central situado en un territorio actuaría como la autoridad encargada de diseñar la política monetaria y de la emisión del dinero. ¿Cuáles serían los efectos económicos?

Para empezar, una mala gestión en el suministro de dinero podría llevarnos a una hiperinflación. En un primer momento la cantidad de moneda que debería emitir el Banco Central supondría un gran esfuerzo. La inflación se pudo observar en el momento de implantación del euro cuando se produjo un gran aumento de los precios en general.


No se podría comparar con otras monedas por lo que sería difícil asignar un valor a esta divisa. De esta forma, mucha gente optaría por convertir su dinero en activos físicos (oro, ganado, materias primas...) por temor a la depreciación de sus activos financieros (moneda). A la larga significaría el regreso a una economía de trueque.

Los países en vías de desarrollo pueden beneficiarse de una moneda única bien gestionada que fomente un entorno estable para la inversión, el crecimiento y el desarrollo económico. Nunca más existirían políticas monetarias nacionales lo cuál puede no ser beneficioso ya que el mundo no es homogéneo y lo que puede ayudar a una zona puede ser perjudicial para otra.

Ya no existirían los tipos de cambio como herramienta de política económica para que cada país pueda proteger el crecimiento económico. Otra opción sería tener varios bancos centrales en distintos países pero siempre el país menos desarrollado tenderá a emitir más dinero, lo que llevaría a la hiperinflación y al colapso del sistema. Además existirían graves problemas de coordinación de políticas monetarias.

En este caso nos encontraríamos ante un escenario de libre movimiento de capitales con una política monetaria autónoma y un tipo de cambio fijo ( ya que no existirían los tipos de cambio). Solo sería beneficioso para el país o los países que estuviesen controlando el Banco Central.

Se eliminaría la especulación monetaria, no existiría el Mercado de Divisas y con ello, disminuiría el riesgo en las transacciones internacionales. Además se eliminarían las barreras comerciales y las medidas proteccionistas lo que beneficiaría a los países de alto rendimiento, como ocurrió con Alemania tras la unión monetaria del euro.

¿Quién sabe qué nos depara el futuro? Tras las últimas llamadas de países como China o de Naciones Unidas a compartir una moneda única es necesario plantearse las consecuencias de esta acción.

 

[Monsieur Joseph]

Pues todo eso me suena al nuevo orden mundial y el control de la humanidad entera.

Shavua Tov!

 

[el porqué de las cosas]

Pues todo eso me suena al nuevo orden mundial y el control de la humanidad entera.

Shavua Tov!

Sobre este tema se habla desde hace muchos años ya...y no es ninguna novedad.

Lo que me chocó y por eso abrí el hilo fue que el artículo viene nada menos que del ABC español, estaba ayer en la primera página de la edición digital, justo debajo del titular del periódico, en el recuadro a mano derecha, en el espacio reservado normalmente para noticias sobre descubrimientos científicos, actualidades culturales o recordatorios históricos...

¿Hemos llegado ya a la recta final? Es ya hora de hacer branding descarado de la Moneda Unica Mundial?

 

[Norrojo]

Lo de una sola moneda lo veo muy difícil. En la actualidad ya hay sólo seis o siete monedas, ya que el resto no valen para nada, lo mismo que ocurre con las nacionalidades impresas en los pasaportes o con los idiomas. Probablemente desaparezca alguna moneda más, pero no todas menos una. Lo ideal es que exista siempre una homogeneidad heterogénea, lo mismo que ocurre con la evolución de las especies. Lo ideal serían cuatro o cinco monedas, cuatro o cinco idiomas oficiales (entre ellos el castellano, por supuesto), cuatro o cinco Gobiernos (o Estados) y cuatro o cinco nacionalidades. A ello se tiende, y eso creo que es lo correcto.

 

[el porqué de las cosas]

Yuan chino se une a selecto grupo de monedas de reserva del FMI
Reuters – sáb, 1 oct 2016 2:01 p.m. EDT

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  Arreglo de varias divisas, entre ellas el yuan chino, el dólar estadounidense, el …
  

PEKÍN (Reuters) - El yuan chino entró el sábado a la canasta de monedas de reserva del Fondo Monetario Internacional, en un hito para la campaña de Pekín por reconocimiento como potencia económica global.

El yuan se une así al dólar, al euro, al yen y a la libra esterlina en la canasta de Derechos Especiales de Giro (SDR) del FMI, que determina las divisas que pueden recibir los países como parte de los créditos del fondo, y el evento marca la primera vez que se suma una moneda nueva desde el lanzamiento del euro en 1999.

Además, el FMI integra al yuan -también conocido como renminbi, o "la moneda del pueblo"- el mismo día que el Partido Comunista conmemora la fundación de la República Popular de China, en 1949.

"La inclusión en los SDR es un hito en la internacionalización del renminbi y es una confirmación del éxito del desarrollo económico de China y resulta de la reforma y apertura del sector financiero", dijo el Banco Popular de China en un comunicado.

China usará la oportunidad para profundizar aún más las reformas económicas y abrir el sector para promover el crecimiento global, agregó el banco central.

No se prevé que la medida en sí impacte a los mercados financieros, dado que fue anunciada el año pasado, pero pondrá la a menudo opaca política económica y cambiaria de China más en el centro de la atención internacional en la medida en que bancos centrales sumen activos en yuanes a sus reservas oficiales.

Detractores de la inclusión del yuan en la canasta de SDR argumentan que la decisión es mayormente simbólica y que la moneda no cumple completamente con los criterios de divisas de reserva del FMI, y que tampoco tiene un uso extendido en el comercio ni en los mercados financieros.

El viernes, el fondo acomodó los montos relativos de las cinco monedas en la canasta por cinco años, en base a sus tipos de cambio promedio de los últimos tres meses.

(Reporte de Nathaniel Taplin; reporte adicional de Ben Blanchard. Editado en español por Janisse Huambachano)

 

[el porqué de las cosas]

¿otro pasito más en la misma dirección?

en India, de la noche a la mañana los billetes de 500 y de 1000 rupias han sido declarados ilegales, supuestamente por combatir el blanqueo de dinero...
se sabe que la 7º economñia mundial prefiere tener sus riquezas a nivel personal en billetes de 500&1000 rupias, cuando no en oro debajo del colchón que no depositarlas en los bancos (que son privados y no están nada interesados en dicha costumbre):

http://www.bbc.com/news/business-37906742

India scraps 500 and 1,000 rupee bank notes overnight

• 9 November 2016

Image copyrightAFP
Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi has announced that the 500 ($7.60) and 1,000 rupee banknotes will be withdrawn from the financial system overnight.

The surprise move, announced on Tuesday evening, is part of a crackdown on corruption and illegal cash holdings.

Banks will be closed on Wednesday and ATM machines will not be working.

India is overwhelmingly a cash economy. New 500 and 2,000 rupee denomination notes will be issued to replace those removed from circulation.

"Black money and corruption are the biggest obstacles in eradicating poverty," Mr Modi said.

People will be able to exchange their old notes for new ones at banks over the next 50 days but they will no longer be legal tender.

The announcement prompted people across the country to rush to ATMs that offer 100 rupee notes in an attempt not to be left without cash over the next few days.
Media captionOne woman says the unexpected change will make it tricky for her to pay to get to work
The move is designed to lock out money that is unaccounted for - known as "black money " - which may have been acquired corruptly, or be being withheld from the tax authorities.

Finance Secretary Shaktikant Das warned people with large stashes of hidden cash that banks would closely monitor the exchange of old notes for new ones.

Analysis: Simon Jack, BBC business editor in Delhi
Mr Modi has set his stall out as a modernising, anti-corruption crusade.

Scrapping notes that are very, very common is his biggest offensive yet. Most transactions in daily life are in cash and 45% of those are in notes in denominations of 500 rupees and over.

Not a single news organisation seemed to know this was coming. I saw one news anchor produce a wad of 500s from his own pocket on air wondering whether these were now just pieces of paper - and also wondering if the bars of Delhi would see a sudden surge of business.

It has caught the country completely off guard. There will also be limits on cash point withdrawals over the next couple of weeks.

Read more from Simon here

How long have people got to change their old notes?
The 500 and 1,000 rupee notes are the highest denomination notes in the country and are extremely common in India. Airports, railway stations and hospitals will only accept them until 11 November.

People will be able to exchange their money at banks between 10 November and 30 December.

Mr Modi's ruling Bharatiya Janata Party came into power in 2014 promising to bring billions of dollars of black market money into the country's financial system. His government is half way through its term of office.

The announcement comes just over a month after the government raised nearly $10bn through a tax amnesty for Indians to declare hidden income and assets.

How much 'black money' is there in circulation?
The BBC's Justin Rowlatt in Delhi says the issue of "black money" is a huge problem in India and the latest move is the prime minister's big demonstration that he is taking it seriously.

The idea is to lock out money that is unaccounted for and make it visible for tax purposes - banks will be happy to exchange a few thousand rupees, but will be asking questions of those who turn up with hundreds of thousands or millions in currency.

There are no precise figures available but experts say the government's move could be "a very powerful measure" to curb "black money". IIFL Holdings Ltd Chairman Nirmal Jain told Bloomberg that it will have "a deflationary impact in general and more specifically on real estate prices - making homes affordable".

Is there a limit on the amount an individual or household can cash in?
It seems not. An individual can put as much as he or she likes into the bank - but withdrawals are limited so the banking system may end up being flooded with cash.

Image copyrightINDIAN GOVERNMENT
Image captionThe government has issued flyers explaining the changes
Government guidelines say it is possible to exchange 4,000 rupees - but it is not clear if this is per day or in total.

Critics say the new rules may make it especially difficult for people who choose to keep their cash at home rather than in a bank account and for people with large rupee cash reserves who live abroad.

If there is a legitimate explanation for the cash, the authorities say, it will be possible to exchange it.

Cash points will close on Wednesday and in some places also on Thursday - a development that it seems may cause cash blockages or queues at ATMs.

Is this risky for the government?
It's a bold step because many people who voted for Mr Modi were small traders who overwhelmingly did their business in cash.

Our correspondent says these are people who probably do have a few hundred thousand rupees - a few thousand dollars - stored under their beds and will have problems when they turn up in the bank on Thursday trying to change their money.

The move leaves a lot of uncertainty about the Indian economy at least in the short term.

 

[el porqué de las cosas]

bueno, lo de India resulta ser más transparente de lo esperado: detrás del movimiento hacia la cashless society...USAID:

http://norberthaering.de/en/home/27-german/news/745-washington-s-role-in-india#weiterlesen

Not even four weeks before this assault on Indians, USAID had announced the establishment of „Catalyst: Inclusive Cashless Payment Partnership“, with the goal of effecting a quantum leap in cashless payment in India. The press statement of October 14 says that Catalyst “marks the next phase of partnership between USAID and Ministry of Finance to facilitate universal financial inclusion”.

Catalyst’s Director of Project Incubation is Alok Gupta, who used to be Chief Operating Officer of the World Resources Institute in Washington, which has USAID as one of its main sponsors. He was also an original member of the team that developed Aadhaar, the Big-Brother-like biometric identification system.

According to a report of the Indian Economic Times, USAID has committed to finance Catalyst for three years. Amounts are kept secret.

...

The Better Than Cash Alliance, which includes USAID as a member, is mentioned first for a reason. It was founded in 2012 to push back cash on a global scale. The secretariat is housed at the United Nations Capital Development Fund (UNCDP) in New York, which might have its reason in the fact that this rather poor small UN-organization was glad to have the Gates-Foundation in one of the two preceding years and the Master-Card-Foundation in the other as its most generous donors.

The members of the Alliance are large US-Institutions which would benefit most from pushing back cash, i.e. credit card companies Mastercard and Visa, and also some US-institutions whose names come up a lot in books on the history of the United States intelligence services, namely Ford Foundation and USAID. A prominent member is also the Gates-Foundation. Omidyar Network of eBay-founder Pierre Omidyar and Citi are important contributors. Almost all of these are individually also partners in the current USAID-India-Initiative to end the reliance on cash in India and beyond. The initiative and the Catalyst-program seem little more than an extended Better Than Cash Alliance, augmented by Indian and Asian organizations with a strong business interest in a much decreased use of cash.

.....

Why Washington is waging a global war on cash

The business interests of the US-companies that dominate the gobal IT business and payment systems are an important reason for the zeal of the US-government in its push to reduce cash use worldwide, but it is not the only one and might not be the most important one. Another motive is surveillance power that goes with increased use of digital payment. US-intelligence organizations and IT-companies together can survey all international payments done through banks and can monitor most of the general stream of digital data. Financial data tends to be the most important and valuable.

Even more importantly, the status of the dollar as the worlds currency of reference and the dominance of US companies in international finance provide the US government with tremendous power over all participants in the formal non-cash financial system. It can make everybody conform to American law rather than to their local or international rules. German newspaper Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung has recently run a chilling story describing how that works (German). Employees of a Geran factoring firm doing completely legal business with Iran were put on a US terror list, which meant that they were shut off most of the financial system and even some logistics companies would not transport their furniture any more. A major German bank was forced to fire several employees upon US request, who had not done anything improper or unlawful.

There are many more such examples. Every internationally active bank can be blackmailed by the US government into following their orders, since revoking their license to do business in the US or in dollar basically amounts to shutting them down. Just think about Deutsche Bank, which had to negotiate with the US treasury for months whether they would have to pay a fne of 14 billion dollars and most likely go broke, or get away with seven billion and survive. If you have the power to bankrupt the largest banks even of large countries, you have power over their governments, too. This power through dominance over the financial system and the associated data is already there. The less cash there is in use, the more extensive and secure it is, as the use of cash is a major avenue for evading this power.

 

[el porqué de las cosas]

Los bancos crean el dinero de la nada...= el ABC de la economía moderna

Banks create money from nothing



http://thenewdaily.com.au/money/finance-news/2017/01/03/how-banks-create-money/

Richard Werner, the German professor famous for inventing the term ‘quantitative easing’, says the world is finally waking up to the fact that “banks create money out of nothing” – but warns this realisation has given rise to a new “Orwellian” threat.

In an exclusive interview with The New Daily, Professor Werner says the recent campaigns around the world, including in India andAustralia, to get rid of cash are coordinated attempts by central bankers to monopolise money creation.

“This sudden global talk by the usual suspects about the ‘need to get rid of cash’, ostensibly to fight tax evasion etc, has been so coordinated that it cannot but be part of another plan by central bankers, this time to stay in charge of any emerging reform agenda, by trying to control, and themselves run, the ‘opposition’,” he says.

“Essentially, the Bank of England and others are saying: okay, we admit it, you guys were right, banks create money out of nothing. So now we need to make sure that you guys will not be able to set the agenda of what happens in terms of reforms.”

Professor Werner (pronounced ‘Verner’), currently the Chair of International Banking at the University of Southampton, is one of the first academics in the world to bring attention to the fact that banks loan money into existence. He has been arguing this for more than two decades, and has published several papers on the subject.

Two Australian economists, Steve Keen and Bill Mitchell, have also led the charge.

The old theory, taught in high school economics classes and to university undergrads, is that banks receive deposits and loan out of a percentage of that money, while keeping some in reserve.

The truth, according to Professor Werner, is closer to the following: A bank receives $100 from a depositor, keeps that $100 in reserve, and then creates $9900 worth of new loans and deposits. It may also create $15,000 in new deposits through its lending.

This is a rough approximation. The main point is that the banks do not lend existing money, but add to deposits and the money supply when they ‘lend’. And when those loans are repaid, money is removedfrom circulation.

Thus, the supply of money is constantly being expanded and contracted by banks – which may explain why the ‘credit crunch’ of the global financial crisis was so devastating. Banks weren’t lending, so there was a shortage of money.

By some estimates, the banks create upwards of 97 per cent of money, in the form of electronic funds stored in online accounts. Banknotes and coins? They are just tokens of value, printed to represent the money already created by banks.

----

más info- sobre quienes son "los bancos", aquí : http://www.cotilleando.com/threads/...toman-las-riendas-de-europa-y-no-solo.109150/

 

[Eleonora de Toledo]

Hablando de monedas en el mundo, ¿qué es la cripto moneda, quién la creó, quién la controla y a quién beneficia realmente?

Es sabido que sirve para lavar dinero...

La definición según Wikipedia:
Una criptomoneda, criptodivisa (del inglés cryptocurrency) o criptoactivo es un medio digital de intercambio que utiliza criptografía fuerte para asegurar las transacciones financieras, controlar la creación de unidades adicionales y verificar la transferencia de activos.123 Las criptomonedas son un tipo de divisa alternativa y de moneda digital. Las criptomonedas tienen un control descentralizado, en contraposición a las monedas centralizadas y a los bancos centrales.

El control descentralizado de cada moneda funciona a través de una base de datos descentralizada, usualmente una cadena de bloques (en inglés blockchain), que sirve como una base de datos de transacciones financieras pública.

La primera criptomoneda que empezó a operar fue el bitcoin en 20094 y, desde entonces, han aparecido muchas otras con diferentes características y protocolos como Litecoin, Ethereum, Ripple, Dogecoin.

Más información: Criptomoneda - Wikipedia, la enciclopedia librehttps://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criptomoneda

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Cryptocurrency Mining: What It Is, How It Works And Who's Making Money Off It


Shanthi Rexaline , Benzinga Staff Writer

August 21, 2017 8:59am
NVIDIA Corporation NVDA's second-quarter earnings released earlier this month, though exceeding expectations, elicited cautionary reaction from the investor as well as analyst communities. Traders bid down the stock by over 5 percent on Aug. 11.

One of the reasons cited for the negative reaction was cryptocurrency contributing to much of the outperformance.

Start mining crypto currencies with HashFlare .

Why should it be a cause for alarm?

Analysts Blayne Curtis and Christopher Hemmelgarn of Barclays believes revenue stream from cryptocurrency is fickle. Therefore, the analysts were not in favor of assigning a multiple to it, as it has the potential to become an eventual headwind.

Rival Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. AMD also had a similar tale to tell. The company indicated that cryptocurrency demand remains strong, while also suggesting that the demand might not last forever.

What Is Cryptocurrency?
Cryptocurrency, as the name suggests, is a form of digital money designed to be secure and anonymous in most cases. It uses a technique called cryptography — a process used to convert legible information into an almost uncrackable code, to help track purchases and transfers.

Giving a simple definition, Blockgeeks says it is just limited entries in a database no one can change without fulfilling specific conditions.

Cryptography is a technique that uses elements of mathematical theory and computer science and was evolved during the World War II to securely transfer data and information. Currently, it is used to secure communications, information and money online.

Cryptocurrencies allow users to make secure payments, without having to go through banks.

Some cryptocurrencies include bitcoin, Bitcoin Cash, Ethereum, DigitalNote, LiteCoin and PotCoin.

Bitcoin has the distinction of being the first cryptocurrency, having been introduced in 2009. Since then, this class of cryptocurrencies mushroomed, with more than 900 currently active.

See also: Chips And Cryptocurrencies: A Match Made In Tech Heaven?

How Cryptocurrencies Work
A cryptocurrency runs on a blockchain, which is a shared ledger or document duplicated several times across a network of computers. The updated document is distributed and made available to all holders of the cryptocurrency.

Every single transaction made and the ownership of every single cryptocurrency in circulation is recorded in the blockchain. The blockchain is run by miners, who use powerful computers that tally the transactions. Their function is to update each time a transaction is made and also ensure the authenticity of information, thereby ascertaining that each transaction is secure and is processed properly and safely.

As payment for their services, miners are paid physically minted cryptocurrency as fees by vendors or merchants of each transaction.

The value of the cryptocurrency fluctuates based on demand and supply, although there is no fixed value for it. Buyers and sellers agree on a value, which is fair and is based on the value of the cryptocurrency trading elsewhere.

Since there is no intermediary like bank involved in the transaction, as it is a peer-to-peer transaction, the transaction fee that is associated with credit cards is eliminated. The identity of the buyer and seller are not revealed. However, each and every transaction is made public to all the people in the blockchain network.

One can acquire a cryptocurrency through exchanges found online or trade it for traditional currencies.

Assume X wants to buy an item valued at $10,000 and he realizes that the seller Y accepts cryptocurrency, say bitcoin, as a form of payment. X scouts around to find the prevailing exchange rate, say $1,000 per currency. X gets Y's public Bitcoin address from Y's website, although both parties remain anonymous to each other.

X can now instruct his Bitcoin client or the software installed on his computer to transfer 10 bitcoins from his wallet to Y's address. X's Bitcoin client will electronically sign the transaction request with his private key known only to him. X's public key, which is a public information, can be used for verifying the information.

When X's transaction is broadcast to the Bitcoin network, it would be verified in a few minutes by miners. The 10 bitcoins will now be transferred to Y's address.

Mining
Cryptocurrency mining includes two functions, namely: adding transactions to the blockchain (securing and verifying) and also releasing new currency. Individual blocks added by miners should contain a proof-of-work, or PoW.

Mining needs a computer and a special program, which helps miners compete with their peers in solving complicated mathematical problems. This would need huge computer resources. In regular intervals, miners would attempt to solve a block having the transaction data using cryptographic hash functions.

Hash value is a numeric value of fixed length that uniquely identifies data. Miners use their computer to zero in on a hash value less than the target and whoever is the first to crack it would be considered as the one who mined the block and is eligible to get a rewarded.

The reward for mining a block is now 12.5 bitcoins.

Earlier, only cryptography enthusiasts served as miners. However, as cryptocurrencies gained in popularity and increased in value, mining is now considered a lucrative business. Consequently, several people and enterprises have started investing in warehouses and hardware.

As enterprises jumped into the fray, unable to compete, bitcoin miners have begun to join open pools, combining resources to effectively compete.

Bank of New York Mellon Corp BK 0.02% has been running an internal blockchain platform for U.S. Treasury bond settlements since early 2016, a Marketwatch report quoting Morgan Stanley said. The private nature of the platform has kept it out of the regulatory purview. Once the bank decides to roll it out to clients and use it commercially, regulatory oversight might come into the picture.

A complete mining kit consists of graphics cards, a processor, power supply, memory, cabling and a fan, which would cost between $2,400 and $3,800 on Amazon.com, Inc. AMZN, according to Bloomberg.

The top three mining hardware, according to 99bitcoins.com, are Avalon6, AntMiner S7 and AntMiner S9.

Given that existing GPUs aren't powerful enough, now miners are flocking to application-specific integrated circuits, or ASICs. To circumvent this shortcoming, Nvidia and AMD are said to be working on GPUs, which could be used specifically for the purpose.

The two companies who are dominant in consumer-grade mining hardware are Canaan and Bitmain. Bitmain, based in Beijing, does mining as well as manufactures mining hardware.

Mining Pools And Their Share Of Mining

Source: Block Chain

Mining pools are concentrated in China, which boasts of 81 percent of the network hash rate.

Why Mining Chips Are A Fickle Revenue Stream
For companies such as AMD and Nvidia, which have dominant positions in the gaming chip market, a focus away from their core business may not be a prudent course of action.

As seen, these companies may have to bring out new GPUs designed exclusively for this purpose to pose a real threat to the ASIC chips, which are predominantly manufactured by the Chinese, who are notorious for their low-cost market positioning. How viable is the spend on such exclusive chips is a moot point.

Additionally, national governments and exchanges are mulling over regulation of the whole realm of cryptocurrencies. Japan has recently introduced legislation to protect users after Tokyo-based Bitcoin exchange Mt Gox collapsed in 2014. Similarly, introducing taxation such as capital gains tax on Bitcoin sales may also impede the cryptocurrency industry.



Posted-In: Cryptocurrency Education Emerging Markets Forex Top Stories Markets Trading Ideas General Best of Benzinga

© 2019 Benzinga.com. Benzinga does not provide investment advice. All rights reserved.

Cryptocurrency Mining: What It Is, How It Works And Who's Making Money Off It $AMD $AMZN $BK https://benzinga.com/z/9953629#.XGU0aKwjurs.twitter vía @benzinga

++++++++++++++++++++++++

Myth Or Reality?
Given the disruptive nature of bitcoin and the fact that its founder is anonymous, the new digital currency has come under a lot of attack and criticism from the traditional finance industry as well as global governments.

Alongside these more credible counter-forces, the conspiracy theorists of the world have been quick to target Bitcoin with a vast range of ideas and theories about who is behind Bitcoin and what the agenda behind the currency really is. Read on to find out some of the conspiracy theories floating around and see if you think any of them have any merit.

1. Bitcoin Was Created and Is Run by the NSA

One of the main theories about bitcoin is that it is a secret operation un by the National Security Association in America. Satoshi Nakamoto, the man behind Bitcoin, is believed to simply be an NSA created pseudonym. This conspiracy theory also asserts that the NSA has backdoor access to the SHA-256 algorithm which obviously counteracts the claim that Bitcoin is totally secure and that user data is anonymous.

1. China Created Bitcoin

Another claim made by conspiracy theorists is that China is actually behind the digital currency. The country has publicly supported the currency since its release, attracting a lot of negative attention. On the face of it, China creating the currency shouldn’t really matter, but some believe that bitcoin is a further attempt to destabilise the US Dollar. China’s desire to replace the US Dollar as the global reserve currency is well known and the country has reportedly been working, along with Russia and others, to work on a payment system to rival SWIFT as well as preparing to launch crude oil futures contracts priced in RMB Yuan which are convertible to gold. So, perhaps this is just another prong in China’s attack strategy?

1. Satoshi Nakamoto is AI

One of the big theories linked to the identity of Bitcoin founder Satoshi Nakamoto is that “he” is actually a piece of artificial intelligence created by a government agency. The theory doesn’t suggest which government is behind the creation or why they needed AI and to be honest, is one of the more far-fetched theories out there. However, sometimes it is the theories that sound the most-crazy which actually turn out to be true!

1. Governments are in an arms-race to acquire bitcoins

In 2013 a conspiracy theory surfaced that claimed major governments such as the US and China were in an “arms-race” to acquire bitcoins. The basis of this theory is that, as many bitcoin users are wrongly perceived to be criminals, using the currency’s anonymity for their subversive activities, that government’s will be looking to essentially mine user data. This theory again links into the idea that bitcoin is not as safeguarded and secure as many think.

1. Satoshi Nakamoto is Nick Szabo

One particularly interesting conspiracy theory which will appeal to the detectives among you is that the real identity behind the creation of bitcoin is, in fact, a reclusive American called Nick Szabo. Nick released a blog post voicing passionate interest in blockchain technology ahead of Bitcoin’s release, but the post was later reposted with an edited publishing date. Researchers from Aston University analysed the blog post and compared it to Nakamoto’s writing style alleging that the similarities between the two were “uncanny”, according to the New York Times.

1. Major Asian Companies Behind Bitcoin

Another of the more far-fetched conspiracy theories is that a group of four major Asian companies is behind the digital currency, specifically Samsung, Toshiba, Nakamichi, and Motorola. The name of the Bitcoin creator Satoshi Nakamoto can be created by using the first few letters from each of the company’s names: “sa” from Samsung, “toshi” from Toshiba, “naka” from Nakamichi and “moto” from Motorola.

So, there you have it, just a selection of the crazy rumours and theories surrounding this new digital currency. Obviously some are crazier than others, and maybe they are all just theories, but I guess you never know!

bitcoincryptocurrencies

 

[Eleonora de Toledo]

El 'Netflix' del crimen: pagar por ver ilegalmente lo que graban cámaras de seguridad
Los ciberdelincuentes se hacen con el control de cámaras de seguridad de hogares y empresas. Después venden el directo a cambio de una cuota. Las mafias pueden saber de esta forma en qué momento es mejor asaltar una vivienda o comercio

Cámara de seguridad Pxhere
MARCOS SIERRA
PERFILEMAILTWITTER
PUBLICADO 14.02.2019 - 05:15ACTUALIZADOhace 2 horas

Los investigadores de ciberseguridad de la empresa Trend Micro han detectado un crecimiento en el hackeo de cámaras de seguridad. Los ciberdelincuentes cobran una cuota a quienes están interesados en acceder a las imágenes en directo.

Todos los ministerios y gran parte del Ibex 35, "muy expuestos" a la suplantación de identidadTodos los ministerios y gran parte del Ibex 35, "muy expuestos" a la suplantación de identidad

La clave para los 'malos' está en encontrar dispositivos de videovigilancia fácilmente vulnerables. Una vez detectadas, se hacen con el control de las mismas y alojan el contenido, en riguroso directo, en plataformas de pago por las que cobran una suscripción a los 'espectadores'.

La oferta de cámaras es muy nutrida, y abarcan un gran abanico de ubicaciones, desde habitaciones de matrimonio -con lo que esto conlleva- hasta chalets, comercios, almacenes, naves industriales, fábricas o tiendas.

Monetizan la vulneración de las cámaras comercializando el acceso de terceros a las mismas. Se venden de múltiples maneras, hasta por paquetes: cámaras en salas de masaje, dormitorios, comercios..."

David Sancho, responsable de investigación en Trend Micro
"Las imágenes permiten a los ciberdelincuentes conocer la seguridad de un comercio o nave industrial, los periodos en los que no hay personal. Es información muy interesante para sus tareas delictivas. Pueden entrar en una tienda con menos riesgo
de ser sorprendidos", explica David Sancho, responsable de investigación en Trend Micro y experto en ciberseguridad.


En cuanto a la forma de pago, las mafias que vulneran las cámaras optan por las criptomonedas, concretamente por los bitcoins. El motivo es que es una divisa digital difícilmente rastreable.

Rusia y España
Se trata de una práctica que los investigadores de Trend Micro han detectado con especial virulencia en mafias procedentes de Rusia, aunque es una técnica que ya afecta a España.

"Se venden de múltiples maneras, de manera individual o por paquetes. Hay 'clientes' que se decantan por la vertiente más sexual y se suscriben a cámaras de seguridad de dormitorios, baños o salas de masaje. Otros prefieren acceder al vídeo en directo de tiendas o estaciones de servicio para asaltar posteriormente los establecimientos con una menor exposición a ser sorprendidos", explica Sancho.

Cuando se paga la cuota, nadie garantiza el tiempo acceso a las cámaras de seguridad; todo dependerá en gran medida del tiempo que tarde el local o comercio en darse cuenta de que sus dispositivos han sido hackeados

El anzuelo
Para hacer más atractiva la venta de los vídeos en directo, los ciberdelincuentes muestran imágenes o porciones de grabaciones, e incluso contenidos en directo durante un tiempo determinado. Este medio ha tenido acceso a estos contenidos. En concreto, accedimos al vídeo en directo de una cámara de videovigilancia situada en una estación de servicio de Lleida, Cataluña, y a otra sita en una nave industrial de Valladolid.

El 'Netflix' del crimen: pagar por ver ilegalmente lo que graban cámaras de seguridad https://www.vozpopuli.com/_489befd7 vía @voz_populi